International, Peer reviewed, Refereed, Open access, Multidisciplinary Journal
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive technique increasingly used in the treatment of cancer. It involves three essential components: a light-sensitive compound known as a photosensitizer, a specific wavelength of light, and molecular oxygen naturally present in the body. When light is applied to the target area, it activates the photosensitizer, leading to the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). These reactive molecules cause localized damage to cancerous cells while leaving healthy tissues mostly unaffected. This targeted mechanism allows PDT to offer a safer and more selective alternative to conventional cancer therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation.
However, the effectiveness of conventional PDT is limited by certain factors. Most notably, the light used in traditional PDT systems cannot penetrate deeply into tissue, making it difficult to treat tumours located beneath the skin or within internal organs. Additionally, some photosensitizers used today lack high selectivity or fail to produce strong therapeutic effects, which may reduce the success of the treatment. Recent advancements in organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) technology present new opportunities to overcome these limitations. OLEDs are thin, flexible, and capable of emitting consistent light, making them suitable for medical applications. Their tenable properties allow for the development of devices that emit light in the near-infrared (NIR) range, which is known for deeper tissue penetration compared to visible light. This characteristic can help extend the reach of PDT to tumours located in previously inaccessible areas. Furthermore, OLED-based devices can be integrated with smart delivery systems using nanotechnology to improve the accuracy and performance of photosensitizers. These systems enhance the concentration of therapeutic agents in tumour tissue while reducing side effects. Wearable OLED light patches can also adapt to body contours, providing even and continuous illumination during treatment. In addition, the incorporation of advanced light control systems, such as those enhanced with quantum dots, can result in more precise and effective light delivery. In summary, combining OLED technology with advanced photosensitizers and delivery platforms holds significant potential for improving the performance of photodynamic therapy. These innovations aim to enhance treatment depth, efficiency, and safety, ultimately making PDT a more reliable and personalized option for cancer care.
International Journal of Advanced Academic Studies
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