2025, Vol. 7, Issue 4, Part B

Author(s): Shruti Shukla

Abstract: Natural resources are essential components of the Earth's ecosystem, providing vital materials and services for human survival, economic development, and ecological balance. These resources, which include water, forests, minerals, and biodiversity, are classified into renewable and non-renewable types based on their regeneration capacity. Renewable resources such as forests and oceans can replenish naturally, while non-renewable resources like fossil fuels and minerals form over geological timescales and are finite. Overexploitation, unsustainable agricultural practices, and industrial activities are accelerating natural resource depletion, leading to biodiversity loss, environmental degradation, and socio-political conflicts. Effective natural resource management is crucial for sustainable development and intergenerational equity. International frameworks like the 1982 World Charter for Nature and the UN's Agenda 21 emphasize conservation, equitable access, and responsible governance. Integrated approaches involving governments, industries, civil society, and local communities are necessary to ensure long-term sustainability. Strengthening policies, promoting circular economies, and enforcing environmental regulations remain imperative for future resilience.

DOI: 10.33545/27068919.2025.v7.i4b.1431

Pages: 103-105 | Views: 104 | Downloads: 54

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