Toxicity assay of chromium on fish Puntius Sophore (Hamilton)
Author(s): Awadhesh Singh Yadav and Rajesh Kumar Dubey
Abstract: Hexacovalent Chromium is used in carpet, textile, paper and pulp, tanning, ink, dyes and paint industry and poured into environment as industrial effluent. The freshwater fish Puntius Sophore (Hamilton) was subjected to 0.5 ppm hexacovalent chromium stress for 75 days and transmission electron microscopic studies of gills and intestine revealed that mitochondria clustured, mitochondrial membrane fused and at some points are broken, disintegration of cristae occurs; endoplasmic reticulum shows broken and disintegration, ribosomes also reduce and disintegrate; lysosome disintegrates; nuclear membrane breaks and disintegrates, chromatin material condenses, disintegrates and nucleolus disappears; Golgi bodies also disintegrate; due to disintegration of cytoplasm, the vacuoles; and large Lipid droplets appear and in some cells segregate near nucleus. This shows that hexacovalent chromium hits the chemicals constituting these organelles resulting in the breaking or disintegration.
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